1.
【单选题】 (2分)
Tetanus toxin is a docking of ( )
A.
neurotransmitter vesicles
B.
hormone receptor
C.
ion channel
D.
proton pump
2.
【单选题】 (2分)
The sensitivity equals ( )
A.
cn/(cp+fp)
B.
cp/(cn+fp)
C.
cp/(cp+fn)
D.
cn/(cn+fn)
3.
【单选题】 (2分)
Most capsule will be produced in an environment with ( ).
A.
high temperature
B.
plenty of nutrition
C.
lack of nutrition
D.
low temperature
4.
【单选题】 (2分)
The viruses’ particles carry genetic information in ( ) molecules.
A.
DNA
B.
RNA
C.
DNA and RNA
D.
DNA or RNA
5.
【单选题】 (2分)
The microbe includes ( )?
A.
virus
B.
Fungi
C.
bacteria
D.
parasite
6.
【单选题】 (2分)
There are over 100 O antigen serotypes of Vibrio cholera, only ( ) cause cholera.
A.
2
B.
3
C.
4
D.
1
7.
【单选题】 (2分)
The clinical classification of the genera Streptococcus is based on their hemolytic capacity. Most of the pathogenic strains belong to ( )
A.
β-hemolysis
B.
γ-hemolysis
C.
δ-hemolysis
D.
α-hemolysis
8.
【单选题】 (2分)
The endotoxin of the Gram negative bacteria is the ( ) in the cell wall.
A.
LPS
B.
OMP
C.
NAG
D.
NAM
9.
【单选题】 (2分)
The ( ) is a group of S. aureus. They 70–80% of all strains produce penicillinase, they resistant penicillins, such as methicillin, treatment.
A.
MRSA
B.
PRSA
C.
MPRS
D.
PMRS
10.
【单选题】 (2分)
The gut microbiome can ( )
A.
helping prevent the risk of cancer
B.
helping control your immune system
C.
helping prevent heart disease
D.
digesting food:
11.
【单选题】 (2分)
ASO test for Streptococcus and Widal's reaction for pathogenic Salmonella belong to ( ) and ( ) methods respectivey? （ ）
A.
immunological method; molecular method
B.
immunological method; immunological method
C.
molecular method; molecular method
D.
molecular method; immunological method
12.
【单选题】 (2分)
Which one is infectious circular RNA molecule that lack protein shells？( )
A.
phage
B.
Viroid
C.
prion
D.
plasmid
13.
【单选题】 (2分)
The marker of the pathogenicity of S. aureus , ( ), is an enzyme that functions like thrombin to convert fibrinogen into fibrin.
A.
leucocidin
B.
enterotoxins
C.
plasma coagulase
D.
alpha-toxin
14.
【单选题】 (2分)
Which pathogen is a sexually transmitted pathogen?（ ）
A.
Neisseria meningitides
B.
Streptococcus pyogenes
C.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
15.
【单选题】 (2分)
Which type of virion must involve a enzyme（ ）
A.
–ssRNA
B.
dsDNA
C.
dsRNA
D.
+ssRNA
第2部分总题数: 15
16
【判断题】 (2分)
There is no commercial vaccine for S. aureus.（ ）
A.对
B.错
17
【判断题】 (2分)
Positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus means RNA genome, like mRNA, can be used as a template to translate viral proteins.（ ）
A.错
B.对
18
【判断题】 (2分)
The innate immune system provides the second line of immunological defense against infection.( )
A.对
B.错
19
【判断题】 (2分)
The strains of Enterobacteriaceae contains complex antigenic structure.（ ）
A.错
B.对
20
【判断题】 (2分)
The main reservoir of human strains of U. urealyticum is the genital tract of sexually active men and women.（ ）
A.对
B.错
21
【判断题】 (2分)
The type of metabolism of bacteria is complex than the cell of our bodies. （ ）
A.错
B.对
22
【判断题】 (2分)
C. perfringens produces multiple exotoxins, most of them are neurotoxins.（ ）
A.错
B.对
23
【判断题】 (2分)
Staphylococci grow readily on most bacteriologic media under aerobic or microaerophilic conditions.（ ）
A.对
B.错
24
【判断题】 (2分)
Most β-lactam antibiotics kill bacteria by binding penicillin-binding proteins to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.（ ）
A.对
B.错
25
【判断题】 (2分)
The presence or absence of flagella and their position are important taxonomic characteristics.（ ）
A.错
B.对
26
【判断题】 (2分)
Dengue fever ranges from asymptomatic or sub-clinical disease to the most severe form of the disease that includes dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue septic shock.( )
A.错
B.对
27
【判断题】 (2分)
EBV, or HHV-4, is the etiologic agent of infectious mononucleosis and African Burkitt’s lymphoma.（ ）
A.对
B.错
28
【判断题】 (2分)
. Most viruses are bullet-shaped and brick-shaped, only a small number of spherical or nearly spherical.（ ）
A.对
B.错
29
【判断题】 (2分)
Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause destructive changes to human and animal lungs and is not a member of normal flora.（ ）
A.错
B.对
30
【判断题】 (2分)
M. hominis is a common inhabitant of the genitourinary tract.（ ）
A.对
B.错
第3部分总题数: 10
31
【多选题】 (4分)
Which two can generate neurotoxins? （）
A.
C. difficile
B.
C. tetani
C.
C. perfringens
D.
C. botulinum
32
【多选题】 (4分)
Virus replication cycle typically consists of six discrete phases, we can find the virus particle in ( )
A.
penetration or entry,
B.
assembly
C.
biosynthesis of viral components,
D.
adsorption or attachment to the host cell,
33
【多选题】 (4分)
Hemorrhagic fever virus includes（ ）
A.
Hantaan virus
B.
llow fever virus
C.
Ebola virus
D.
Marburg virus
34
【多选题】 (4分)
The essential structure of bacteria includes ( )
A.
cytoplasm
B.
cytoplasmic membrane
C.
DNA genome
D.
cell wall
35
【多选题】 (4分)
Typical cholera has a rapid onset, beginning with abdominal fullness and discomfort, rushes of peristalsis, and loose stools. The stools is ( ).
A.
contain mucus flecks
B.
contain white blood cells
C.
watery and voluminous
D.
contain red blood cells
36
【多选题】 (4分)
For the purpose of inhibiting bacterial resistance, we should ( )
A.
strengthen surveillance of bacterial resistance
B.
update the stringent control on other usage of antibiotics
C.
accelerate the development of new antibiotic agents
D.
update strategy on scientific prescriptions of antibiotics
37
【多选题】 (4分)
The specific colonization factor for relative protein of the host cell may be ( ).
A.
protein on outer membrane
B.
protein on cell wall
C.
flagella
D.
pili
38
【多选题】 (4分)
The innate immune system in human body is mainly composed of （ ）
A.
chemical barrier
B.
phagocytes and immune molecules
C.
normal flora as microbial barrier
D.
physical barrier structures
39
【多选题】 (4分)
Which statement is true?（ ）
A.
Higher microbiome diversity is a risk for health
B.
one are first exposed to microbes after born
C.
gut microbiome affecting the host weight
D.
the gut microbiome referred the microbes in intestines
40
【多选题】 (4分)
Human herpes virus 3, also called varicella-zoster virus (VZV), causes （ ）
A.
manifest herpes genitalis
B.
chickenpox
C.
oral mucosa infection
D.
shingles